Literature Articles

Aboonq, M. S. (2015). Pathophysiology of carpal tunnel syndrome. Neurosciences Journal, 20(1), 04-09. https://nsj.org.sa/content/20/1/04.full

Aralasmak, A., Cevikol, C., Karaali, K., Senol, U., Sharifov, R., Kilicarslan, R., & Alkan, A. (2012). MRI findings in thoracic outlet syndrome. Skeletal Radiology, 41(11), 1365–1374. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-012-1485-3

Balram, A., Jyi Cheng Ng, Arinze Ochuba, Ho, K., & Ying Wei Lum. (2024). A case of misdiagnosed arterial thoracic outlet syndrome as primary Raynaud’s phenomenon. Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases and Innovative Techniques, 10(4), 101508–101508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvscit.2024.101508

Boehm, C. C. (2013). First rib mobilization in the treatment of thoracic outlet syndrome. https://commons.und.edu/pt-grad/521/

Brooke, B. S., & Freischlag, J. A. (2010). Contemporary management of thoracic outlet syndrome. Current opinion in cardiology, 25(6), 535-540. DOI: 10.1097/HCO.0b013e32833f028e

Buller, L. T., Jose, J., Baraga, M., & Lesniak, B. (2015). Thoracic outlet syndrome: current concepts, imaging features, and therapeutic strategies. Am J Orthop, 44(8), 376-382. https://cdn.mdedge.com/files/s3fs-public/issues/articles/ajo044080376.pdf

Camporese, G., Bernardi, E., Venturin, A., Pellizzaro, A., Schiavon, A., Caneva, F., Strullato, A., Toninato, D., Forcato, B., Zuin, A., Squizzato, F., Piazza, M., Stramare, R., Tonello, C., Di Micco, P., Masiero, S., Rea, F., Grego, F., & Simioni, P. (2022). Diagnostic and Therapeutic Management of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Review of the Literature and Report of an Italian Experience. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 9, 802183. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.802183

Capobianco SM, Fahmy MW, Sicari V. Anatomy, Thorax, Subclavian Veins. [Updated 2023 Jul 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532885/

Caridi, J. M., Pumberger, M., & Hughes, A. P. (2011). Cervical radiculopathy: a review. HSS Journal®, 7(3), 265-272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11420-011-9218-z

Chang, M. C., & Kim, D. H. (2021). Essentials of thoracic outlet syndrome: A narrative review. World journal of clinical cases, 9(21), 5804–5811. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i21.5804

Daley, P., Pomares, G., Gross, R., Menu, P., Dauty, M., & Fouasson-Chailloux, A. (2022). Use of Electroneuromyography in the Diagnosis of Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of clinical medicine, 11(17), 5206. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175206

Davis, G. A., & Knight, S. R. (2008). Pancoast tumors. Neurosurgery Clinics, 19(4), 545-557. https://www.neurosurgery.theclinics.com/article/S1042-3680(08)00031-4/abstract

Duwayri, Y. M., Emery, V. B., Driskill, M. R., Earley, J. A., Wright, R. W., Paletta Jr, G. A., & Thompson, R. W. (2011). Positional compression of the axillary artery causing upper extremity thrombosis and embolism in the elite overhead throwing athlete. Journal of Vascular Surgery, 53(5), 1329-1340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2010.11.031

Ferrante, M. A. (2012). The thoracic outlet syndromes. Muscle & nerve, 45(6), 780-795. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.23235

Ferrante, M. A., & Ferrante, N. D. (2017). The thoracic outlet syndromes: Part 1. Overview of the thoracic outlet syndromes and review of true neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome. Muscle & Nerve, 55(6), 782–793. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.25536

Fitzpatrick, L. A., Atinga, A., White, L., Henry, P. D., & Probyn, L. (2022, October). Rotator cuff injury and repair. In Seminars in musculoskeletal radiology (Vol. 26, No. 05, pp. 585-596). Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.. https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/html/10.1055/s-0042-1756167

Foley, J. M., Finlayson, H., & Travlos, A. (2012). A review of thoracic outlet syndrome and the possible role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of this syndrome. Toxins, 4(11), 1223-1235. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/4/11/1223

Fugate, M. W., Rotellini-Coltvet, L., & Freischlag, J. A. (2009). Current management of thoracic outlet syndrome. Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine, 11(2), 176-183.

Genova, A., Dix, O., Saefan, A., Thakur, M., & Hassan, A. (2020). Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Review of Literature. Cureus, 12(3), e7333. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.7333

Gillet, R., Teixeira, P., Meyer, J.-B., Rauch, A., Raymond, A., Dap, F., & Blum, A. (2018). Dynamic CT angiography for the diagnosis of patients with thoracic outlet syndrome: Correlation with patient symptoms. Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, 12(2), 158–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2017.11.008

Grunebach, H., Arnold, M. W., & Lum, Y. W. (2015). Thoracic outlet syndrome. Vascular medicine, 20(5), 493-495. https://doi.org/10.1177/1358863X15598391

Habibollahi, P., Zhang, D., Kolber, M. K., & Pillai, A. K. (2021). Venous thoracic outlet syndrome. Cardiovascular diagnosis and therapy, 11(5), 1150–1158. https://doi.org/10.21037/cdt-20-168

Huang, J. H., & Zager, E. L. (2004). Thoracic outlet syndrome. Neurosurgery, 55(4), 897-903.  10.1227/01.NEU.0000137333.04342.4D

Iyer, S., & Kim, H. J. (2016). Cervical radiculopathy. Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine, 9(3), 272–280. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12178-016-9349-4

Jones, M. R., Prabhakar, A., Viswanath, O., Urits, I., Green, J. B., Kendrick, J. B., … Kaye, A. D. (2019). Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Pain and Therapy, 8(1), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40122-019-0124-2

Jordan, S.E. (2013). Differential Diagnosis in Patients with Possible NTOS. In: Illig, K., Thompson, R., Freischlag, J., Donahue, D., Jordan, S., Edgelow, P. (eds) Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4366-6_8

Kang, K. C., Lee, H. S., & Lee, J. H. (2020). Cervical Radiculopathy Focus on Characteristics and Differential Diagnosis. Asian spine journal, 14(6), 921–930. https://doi.org/10.31616/asj.2020.0647

Kaplan J, Kanwal A. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. [Updated 2023 Apr 10]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557450/

Khalilzadeh, O., Glover, M., Torriani, M., & Gupta, R. (2021). Imaging assessment of thoracic outlet syndrome. Thoracic surgery clinics, 31(1), 19-25. https://www.thoracic.theclinics.com/article/S1547-4127(20)30076-1/abstract

Kuhn, J. E., Lebus, G. F., & Bible, J. E. (2015). Thoracic outlet syndrome. JAAOS-Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 23(4), 222-232. DOI: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-13-00215

Larsen, K. (2018). Postural cues for scapular retraction and depression promote costoclavicular space compression and thoracic outlet syndrome. Anaesthesia, Pain & Intensive Care. https://www.apicareonline.com/index.php/APIC/article/view/597

Laulan, J., Fouquet, B., Rodaix, C., Jauffret, P., Roquelaure, Y., & Descatha, A. (2010). Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Definition, Aetiological Factors, Diagnosis, Management and Occupational Impact. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 21(3), 366–373. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10926-010-9278-9

Lee, J. H., Choi, H. S., Yang, S. N., Cho, W. M., Lee, S. H., Chung, H. H., Shin, J. S., & Kim, D. H. (2011). True Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Following Hyperabduction during Sleep - A Case Report -. Annals of rehabilitation medicine, 35(4), 565–569. https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2011.35.4.565

Levine, N., & Rigby, B. (2018). Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Biomechanical and Exercise Considerations. Healthcare, 6(2), 68. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6020068

Li, N., Dierks, G., Vervaeke, H. E., Jumonville, A., Kaye, A. D., Myrcik, D., Paladini, A., Varrassi, G., Viswanath, O., & Urits, I. (2021). Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Narrative Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(5), 962. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10050962

Lo, C. N. C., Bukry, S. A., Alsuleman, S., & Simon, J. V. (2011). Systematic review: The effectiveness of physical treatments on thoracic outlet syndrome in reducing clinical symptoms. Hong kong physiotherapy journal, 29(2), 53-63.

Luu, D., Seto, R., & Deoraj, K. (2022). Exercise rehabilitation for neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: a scoping review. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 66(1), 43. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9103635/

Magill, S. T., Brus-Ramer, M., Weinstein, P. R., Chin, C. T., & Jacques, L. (2015). Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome: current diagnostic criteria and advances in MRI diagnostics. Neurosurgical focus, 39(3), E7. https://doi.org/10.3171/2015.6.FOCUS15219

Martin, T. J. (2018). Horner syndrome: a clinical review. ACS chemical neuroscience, 9(2), 177-186.

Nichols, A. W. (2009). Diagnosis and management of thoracic outlet syndrome. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 8(5), 240-249.  10.1249/JSR.0b013e3181b8556d

Ohman, J. W., & Thompson, R. W. (2020). Thoracic outlet syndrome in the overhead athlete: diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine, 13, 457-471. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12178-020-09643-x

Padua, L., Coraci, D., Erra, C., Pazzaglia, C., Paolasso, I., Loreti, C., Caliandro, P., & Hobson-Webb, L. D. (2016). Carpal tunnel syndrome: clinical features, diagnosis, and management. The Lancet. Neurology, 15(12), 1273–1284. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30231-9

Palmer, B. A., & Hughes, T. B. (2010). Cubital tunnel syndrome. The journal of hand surgery, 35(1), 153-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhsa.2009.11.004

Panagopoulos, N., Leivaditis, V., Koletsis, E., Prokakis, C., Alexopoulos, P., Baltayiannis, N., Hatzimichalis, A., Tsakiridis, K., Zarogoulidis, P., Zarogoulidis, K., Katsikogiannis, N., Kougioumtzi, I., Machairiotis, N., Tsiouda, T., Kesisis, G., Siminelakis, S., Madesis, A., & Dougenis, D. (2014). Pancoast tumors: characteristics and preoperative assessment. Journal of thoracic disease, 6 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), S108–S115. https://doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.12.29

Panther, E. J., Reintgen, C. D., Cueto, R. J., Hao, K. A., Chim, H., & King, J. J. (2022). Thoracic outlet syndrome: a review. Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery, 31(11), e545-e561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2022.06.026

Polcaro L, Charlick M, Daly DT. Anatomy, Head and Neck: Brachial Plexus In: StatPearls [Internet].StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK531473

Povlsen, S., & Povlsen, B. (2018). Diagnosing Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Current Approaches and Future Directions. Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland), 8(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics8010021

Rahimi O, Geiger Z. Anatomy, Thorax, Subclavian Arteries. [Updated 2023 Jul 24]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539736/

Raptis, C. A., Sridhar, S., Thompson, R. W., Fowler, K. J., & Bhalla, S. (2016). Imaging of the patient with thoracic outlet syndrome. Radiographics, 36(4), 984-1000. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2016150221

Rizzo, S., Talei Franzesi, C., Cara, A., Cassina, E. M., Libretti, L., Pirondini, E., ... & Petrella, F. (2024). Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. Tomography, 10(9), 1365-1378. https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography10090103

Rusch, V. W. (2006). Management of Pancoast tumours. The lancet oncology, 7(12), 997-1005.

Sanders, R. J., Hammond, S. L., & Rao, N. M. (2007). Diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome. Journal of vascular surgery, 46(3), 601-604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2007.04.050

Sanders, R. J., Hammond, S. L., & Rao, N. M. (2008). Thoracic outlet syndrome: a review. The neurologist, 14(6), 365-373. 10.1097/NRL.0b013e318176b98d

Schneider, D. B., Dimuzio, P. J., Martin, N. D., Gordon, R. L., Wilson, M. W., Laberge, J. M., ... & Messina, L. M. (2004). Combination treatment of venous thoracic outlet syndrome: open surgical decompression and intraoperative angioplasty. Journal of vascular surgery, 40(4), 599-603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2004.07.028

Staples, J. R., & Calfee, R. (2017). Cubital tunnel syndrome: current concepts. JAAOS-Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 25(10), e215-e224. https://journals.lww.com/jaaos/fulltext/2017/10000/cubital_tunnel_syndrome__current_concepts.10.aspx/1000?casa_token=UTgLaMBYpYkAAAAA:TBnWySGjZsDjaCx13tP0-xVzNSE5WgcqT7JRjxrdAHX1OpRG8nA_w3ZJxRjsaCgypJ7RSeeU6SHCNUXDf3cRf6xvu7-GgMgp#:~:text=DOI%3A%2010.5435/JAAOS%2DD%2D15%2D00261

Stewman, C., Vitanzo Jr, P. C., & Harwood, M. I. (2014). Neurologic thoracic outlet syndrome: summarizing a complex history and evolution. Current sports medicine reports, 13(2), 100-106. 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000038

Szaro, P., Suresh, R., Molokwu, B., Sibala, D. R., Mendiratta, D., Chu, A., & McGrath, A. (2023). Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of suspected neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome-a systematic scoping review. Frontiers in physiology, 14, 1198165. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1198165

Vasile, T., Farina, R., Foti, P. V., & Basile, A. (2022). The Role of Ultrasound in Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: Lesson Based on a Case Report. Journal of medical ultrasound, 31(2), 150–153. https://doi.org/10.4103/jmu.jmu_219_21

Watson, L. A., Pizzari, T., & Balster, S. (2010). Thoracic outlet syndrome Part 2: Conservative management of thoracic outlet. Manual Therapy, 15(4), 305–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2010.03.002

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